{"id":3185,"date":"2025-07-09T17:27:56","date_gmt":"2025-07-09T14:27:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cryptodnes.bg\/cz\/?p=3185"},"modified":"2025-09-19T16:51:16","modified_gmt":"2025-09-19T13:51:16","slug":"tvurce-kryptomeny-etherea-prosazuje-copyleft-licence","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cryptodnes.bg\/cz\/tvurce-kryptomeny-etherea-prosazuje-copyleft-licence\/","title":{"rendered":"Tv\u016frce Etherea prosazuje \u201ccopyleft\u201d licence jako protiklad technologick\u00fdm monopol\u016fm"},"content":{"rendered":"

Vitalik Buterin, spoluzakladatel kryptom\u011bny Ethereum, se ned\u00e1vno p\u0159iznal, \u017ee postupn\u011b m\u011bn\u00ed sv\u016fj dlouhodob\u00fd postoj k open-source licenc\u00edm a za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 preferovat tzv. copyleft licence nam\u00edsto model\u016f jako jsou MIT \u010di CC0. Jeho motivac\u00ed je boj proti rostouc\u00ed koncentraci moci velk\u00fdch technologick\u00fdch spole\u010dnost\u00ed. V minulosti podporoval MIT\/CC0, proto\u017ee usnad\u0148uj\u00ed voln\u00e9 vyu\u017eit\u00ed k\u00f3du, ale nyn\u00ed konstatuje, \u017ee v konkuren\u010dn\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00ed, kde velk\u00e9 firmy jako Google, Microsoft \u010di Huawei s\u00e1zej\u00ed na open-source projekty, nesta\u010d\u00ed pouze dobrovoln\u00e9 sd\u00edlen\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

P\u0159echod z permisivn\u00edho ke copyleftu \u2013 pro\u010d te\u010f?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Buterin se nechal sly\u0161et, \u017ee permisivn\u00ed licence jako MIT a CC0 historicky preferoval, proto\u017ee umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed komukoliv \u201ek\u00f3d pou\u017e\u00edvat, upravovat a \u0161\u00ed\u0159it bez z\u00e1sadn\u00edch omezen\u00ed\u201c, co\u017e uleh\u010dovalo rychl\u00e9 \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed technologi\u00ed. D\u00edky v\u00edce m\u011bn\u00edc\u00edmu se prost\u0159ed\u00ed jsou dnes ale open-source projekty b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 i mezi korpor\u00e1ty. Google, Huawei nebo Microsoft nejen pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed open code, ale i vyd\u00e1vaj\u00ed vlastn\u00ed projekty jako open-source. V takov\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed pak podle Buterina ji\u017e permisivn\u00ed licencov\u00e1n\u00ed nesta\u010d\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n

Zd\u016fraznil tak\u00e9, \u017ee hroz\u00ed uzav\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed k\u00f3du, kdy velk\u00e9 firmy mohou \u201enas\u00e1t\u201c voln\u011b dostupn\u00fd k\u00f3d a potom p\u0159ij\u00edt s propriet\u00e1rn\u00edmi \u0159e\u0161en\u00edmi, kter\u00e1 neop\u011btuj\u00ed nic komunit\u011b. To je podle n\u011bj jeden z hlavn\u00edch d\u016fvod\u016f posunu ke copyleftu. Copyleftov\u00e9 licence (jako GPL nebo CC-BY-SA) vy\u017eaduj\u00ed, aby jak\u00e9koliv odvozen\u00e9 d\u00edlo bylo uvoln\u011bno pod stejn\u00fdmi podm\u00ednkami, v\u010detn\u011b zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed zdrojov\u00e9ho k\u00f3du.<\/span><\/p>\n

Jak copyleft br\u00e1n\u00ed monopoln\u00edmu uzav\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed k\u00f3du<\/h2>\n

Copyleft p\u0159edstavuje \u00fa\u010dinnn\u00fd n\u00e1stroj, jak se d\u00e1 zabr\u00e1nit technologick\u00fdm gigant\u016fm zneu\u017e\u00edvat open source k\u00f3d bez toho, aby zp\u011bt p\u0159isp\u011bli komunit\u011b. Zde uv\u00e1d\u00edme hlavn\u00ed v\u00fdhody copyleftu:<\/p>\n